The Knights from the Order of Santiago built the Hornos Castle between the late 13th century and early 14th century. They built iton top of an old Arab defensive structure in a strategic location, on one of the roads between the mountain chains of Cazorla and Segura.
Hornos Castle is made up of a defensive site with an outdoor enclosure in the shape of a trapezoid. We can find a large keep, a well right in the parade ground and remains of three turrets.
The keep is 9 metres tall and it has a square base. It was built using masonry with rounded corners, and this feature makes it less vulnerable to the effects of weapons.
The enclosure was also built in masonry. The Almohads builtthree slim towers with small bases,the towers are reinforced with a lining of masonry. Inside the enclosure we find a well of Arab origin.
These days in the Castle we find the Cosmolarium, an astronomical centre and planetarium where films are shown.
The Muslims founded Hornos fortress in the 9th century, and many of its remains such as the well in the parade ground and the three towers date from the Almohad period.
Don Pedro Pérez Pelayo Correa, grand master of the Order of Santiago, conquered Hornos in 1239. Thus, the town was attached to the Encomienda de Segura de la Sierra (a vast territory that belonged to the Order of Santiago).
During the 15th century, the towns of Hornos and Segura de la Sierra played adecisiverole in the political ambitions of the Manrique family who confrontedKing John II and King Henry IV.
Hornos remained part of the territory ruled by the Order of Santiago during the Modern Era, although between 1507 and 1748 the town belonged to the Kingdom of Murcia.
References:Rosenborg Palace was built in the period 1606-34 as Christian IV’s summerhouse just outside the ramparts of Copenhagen. Christian IV was very fond of the palace and often stayed at the castle when he resided in Copenhagen, and it was here that he died in 1648. After his death, the palace passed to his son King Frederik III, who together with his queen, Sophie Amalie, carried out several types of modernisation.
The last king who used the place as a residence was Frederik IV, and around 1720, Rosenborg was abandoned in favor of Frederiksborg Palace.Through the 1700s, considerable art treasures were collected at Rosenborg Castle, among other things items from the estates of deceased royalty and from Christiansborg after the fire there in 1794.
Soon the idea of a museum arose, and that was realised in 1833, which is The Royal Danish Collection’s official year of establishment.