Münsingen, Germany
c. 1100
Laurenburg, Germany
11th century
Eschau, Germany
1230-1250
Bonn, Germany
14th century
Niederau, Germany
1274
Bärenstein, Germany
14th century
Wehr, Germany
1323-1330
Obertrubach, Germany
c. 1150
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, Germany
14th century
Merzhausen, Germany
c. 1593
Lauterstein, Germany
1210
Kleinbottwar, Germany
13th century
Burgen, Germany
1270
Mettlach, Germany
12th century
Bad Düben, Germany
c. 1237
Münsingen, Germany
c. 1080
Holzheim, Germany
14th century
Nörvenich, Germany
1400
Nettetal, Germany
1903
Weißenborn, Saxony, Germany
13th century
Caernarfon Castle in Gwynedd, Wales, is recognised around the world as one of the greatest buildings of the Middle Ages. It was a motte-and-bailey castle from the late 11th century until 1283 when King Edward I of England began to replace it with the current stone structure. The Edwardian town and castle acted as the administrative centre of north Wales, and as a result the defences were built on a grand scale. There was a deliberate link with Caernarfon's Roman past, and the Roman fort of Segontium is nearby.
While the castle was under construction, town walls were built around Caernarfon. The work cost between £20,000 and £25,000 from the start until the work ended in 1330. Although the castle appears mostly complete from the outside, the interior buildings no longer survive and many of the building plans were never finished. The town and castle were sacked in 1294 when Madog ap Llywelyn led a rebellion against the English. Caernarfon was recaptured the following year.