Lisbon, Portugal
11th century
Sintra, Portugal
8th century
Braga, Portugal
11th century
Guimarães, Portugal
10th century AD
Idanha-a-Nova, Portugal
1171
Vila Nova de Cerveira, Portugal
13th century
Caminha, Portugal
13th century
Ponte da Barca, Portugal
13th century
Melgaço, Portugal
1170
Melgaço, Portugal
9th century AD
Póvoa de Lanhoso, Portugal
11th century
Monção, Portugal
1306
Monção, Portugal
14th century
Celorico de Basto, Portugal
11th century
Barcelos, Portugal
10th century AD
The Basilica of Santa Maria in Trastevere is one of the oldest churches of Rome. The basic floor plan and wall structure of the church date back to the 340s, and much of the structure to 1140-43. The first sanctuary was built in 221 and 227 by Pope Callixtus I and later completed by Pope Julius I.
The inscription on the episcopal throne states that this is the first church in Rome dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus, although some claim that privilege belongs to the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. A Christian house-church was founded here about 220 by Pope Saint Callixtus I (217-222) on the site of the Taberna meritoria, a refuge for retired soldiers. The area was made available for Christian use by Emperor Alexander Severus when he settled a dispute between the Christians and tavern-keepers.
The church underwent two restorations in the fifth and eighth centuries and in 1140-43 it was re-erected on its old foundations under Pope Innocent II.