On the peak of a steep mountain situated on the right bank of the San river, the ruins of Sobień castle from the second half of the 14th century can be seen. The castle was owned by the wealthy chivalry house of Kmita. Then the Kmita family moved their abode to Lesko, where Piotr Kmita erected a castle in the16 th century, which was subsequently extended by the Stadnicki family. The castle is open to visitors.
An Italian park was established already in the 16th century and continued through the 17th century. In the 18th century the park was planted with lime tree alleys. They are listed in the castle records from that century. In the first half of the 19th century the Krasicki family established a landscape park around the castle.
The Villa d'Este is a 16th-century villa in Tivoli, near Rome, famous for its terraced hillside Italian Renaissance garden and especially for its profusion of fountains: the extraordinary system contains fifty-one fountains and nymphaeums, 398 spouts, 364 water jets, 64 waterfalls, and 220 basins, fed by 875 meters of canals, channels and cascades, and all working entirely by the force of gravity, without pumps. It is now an Italian state museum, and is listed as a UNESCO world heritage site.
Tivoli had been a popular summer residence since ancient Roman times due to its altitude, cooler temperatures and its proximity to the Villa Hadriana, the summer residence of the Emperor Hadrian I.
The Villa was commissioned by Cardinal Ippolito II d'Este (1509-1572), second son of Alfonso I d'Este, the Duke of Ferrara and grandson of Pope Alexander VI, along with Lucrezia Borgia.