The St. Marien Cathedral in Wurzen is an Evangelical Lutheran church. Built as a collegiate church of the Wurzen collegiate monastery, it has been known as the cathedral since the end of the 15th century when the Meißner bishops built their residence in Wurzen Castle.
The first church, the predecessor of today's cathedral, was consecrated in 1114 in honor of the Virgin Mary. It was a flat-roofed Romanesque pillar basilica , which was roughly the size of today's central nave. The first major expansion was the addition of the four yokes of the east choir around 1260 to 1290. In the middle of the 14th century, the central nave was vaulted and the south aisle was expanded into a hall, before a fire destroyed large parts of the church in 1470. After the reconstruction, the next extensions took place after 1500 under Bishop Johann VI von Saalhausen (1444–1518). In 1503 he had the west choir built, which he intended to be his burial place, and in 1508 two yokes were added to the east choir, today's chancel. From 1491 to 1497 he had the neighboring Wurzen Castle built as a bishop's residence, so that the church now became a cathedral. The collegiate foundation became the cathedral chapter.
The church has been used for Protestant worship since 1542. It is also used for church music concerts because of its good acoustics. A special feature is the uniform furnishing of the church with architectural sculptures by the sculptor Georg Wrba.
References:The stone church of Gamla Uppsala, built over the pagan temple, dates from the early 12th century. Due to fire and renovations, the present church is only a remnant of the original cathedral.
Before the arrival of Christianity in Sweden, Gamla Uppsala was the seat of Swedish kings and a ceremonial site known all over northern Europe. The settlement was home to royal palaces, a royal burial ground, and a great pagan temple. The Uppsala temple, which was described in detail by Adam of Bremen in the 1070s, housed wooden statues of the Norse gods Odin, Thor and Freyr. A golden chain hung across its gables and the inside was richly decorated with gold. The temple had priests, who sacrificed to the gods according to the needs of the people.
The first Christian cathedral was probably built in the 11th century, but finished in the 12th century. The stone building may have been preceded by a wooden church and probably by the large pagan temple.