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According to Greek mythology, Troezen came into being as a result of two ancient cities, Hyperea and Antheia, being unified by Pittheus, who named the new city in honor of his deceased brother, Troezen. The ancient city of Troezen was one of the first cult centres in honour of the sea god Poseidon (in Greek mythology Poseidon is a forebearer of the former king Troezen after whom the city was named).
In 580 BC and in the face of the advancing Persian army Athenian general Themistocles proposed to the city assembly that all the women, children and elderly residents of Athens be evacuated to Troezen while able bodied men were sent to fight the Persians or to man the Athenian fleet. Although Athens was subsequently destroyed its citizens were spared.
During the Classical and Hellenistic periods numerous temples and other buildings were constructed in Troezen including a complex of buildings forming a sanctuary to Asclepius although this was somewhat overshadowed by its rival at nearby Epidauros. Other temples were dedicated to Artemis, Hippolytus, Athena and Aphrodite, traces of which can be found in a forest near Troizina.
In 230 BC the volcano at nearby Methana erupted causing severe earthquakes which destroyed many of the temples and buildings at Troezen leading to a decline of the sanctuary to Asclepius. During the Roman era many of these buildings were restored but as Christianity became predominant material from ancient buildings was used in the construction of churches as can be seen in the Diocese church which dates to the 6th century AD.
References:Doune Castle was originally built in the thirteenth century, then probably damaged in the Scottish Wars of Independence, before being rebuilt in its present form in the late 14th century by Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (c. 1340–1420), the son of King Robert II of Scots, and Regent of Scotland from 1388 until his death. Duke Robert"s stronghold has survived relatively unchanged and complete, and the whole castle was traditionally thought of as the result of a single period of construction at this time. The castle passed to the crown in 1425, when Albany"s son was executed, and was used as a royal hunting lodge and dower house.
In the later 16th century, Doune became the property of the Earls of Moray. The castle saw military action during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and Glencairn"s rising in the mid-17th century, and during the Jacobite risings of the late 17th century and 18th century.