Houten, Netherlands
1261
Heukelum, Netherlands
1286
Aarle-Rixtel, Netherlands
15th century
Renesse, Netherlands
1229-1513
Feanwâlden, Netherlands
1300
Nederhorst den Berg, Netherlands
13th century
Baarland, Netherlands
c. 1300
Doorn, Netherlands
14th century
Oosterhout, Netherlands
1288
Mill, Netherlands
13th century
Langbroek, Netherlands
14th century
Dalfsen, Netherlands
13th century
Heemstede, Netherlands
1280
Gendt, Netherlands
15th century
Maastricht, Netherlands
13th century
Rijssen-Holten, Netherlands
c. 1378
Haaften, Netherlands
14th century
Nijmegen, Netherlands
14th century
Helvoirt, Netherlands
15th century
Oud-Sabbinge, Netherlands
14th century
Doune Castle was originally built in the thirteenth century, then probably damaged in the Scottish Wars of Independence, before being rebuilt in its present form in the late 14th century by Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (c. 1340–1420), the son of King Robert II of Scots, and Regent of Scotland from 1388 until his death. Duke Robert"s stronghold has survived relatively unchanged and complete, and the whole castle was traditionally thought of as the result of a single period of construction at this time. The castle passed to the crown in 1425, when Albany"s son was executed, and was used as a royal hunting lodge and dower house.
In the later 16th century, Doune became the property of the Earls of Moray. The castle saw military action during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and Glencairn"s rising in the mid-17th century, and during the Jacobite risings of the late 17th century and 18th century.