Reggio Calabria Castle was originally built before 540 AD and enlarged by the Normans and later by the Aragonese in 1459. Throughout the centuries it has been restored and enlarged by its conquerors.
The building began to decay in the very early 19th century. Various collapses and demolitions had dotted its history until the recent and radical restoration that brought it back to its original splendor. Today it is the seat of expositions and art exhibitions.
The Citadelle of Quebec is an active military installation and official residence of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada. It is located atop Cap Diamant, adjoining the Plains of Abraham in Quebec City. The citadel is the oldest military building in Canada, and forms part of the fortifications of Quebec City, which is one of only two cities in North America still surrounded by fortifications, the other being Campeche, Mexico.
The first fortifications in Quebec were built by the Governor General of New France Louis de Buade, and completed just in time for the Battle of Quebec in 1690.
After the British conquest in the second half of the 18th century, the problem of Quebec City's defences grew more acute.