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Founded: 3400 BCCategory: Prehistoric and archaeological sites in Sweden
Historical period: Neolithic Age (Sweden)
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The Haga dolmen (Hagadösen) is a megalithic dolmen, dating from the Neolithic era. It is located on the island of Orust in Bohuslän, about one kilometre to the east of Tegneby Church. Not far from the dolmen is a second, smaller one, and about 250 metres west of it a large passage grave can be found.
The grave consists of four raised stone slabs, with a fifth slab placed as a roof, with an additional threshold stone by the entry and a stepping stone. It is surrounded by a small mound of earth, and some barely visible edge stones. While small in size, the dolmen has the province's largest inside chamber. It has a rough dating of about 3400 BCE.
Several artefacts were found during an archaeological excavation in 1915 by Arvid Enqvist, among them an amber necklace, a stone axe, a flint knife, and some slate jewellery. These finds were dated to the late Neolithic. No grave finds from the dolmen's primary period, the early Neolithic, have been discovered. The neighbouring dolmen was also excavated at this time.
References:Heidelberg Castle is a famous ruin and one of the the most important Renaissance structures north of the Alps. The rich and eventful history of Heidelberg Palace began when the counts palatine of the Rhine, – later prince electors – established their residence at Heidelberg. The earliest castle structure was built before 1214 and later expanded into two castles circa 1294; however, in 1537, a lightning-bolt destroyed the upper castle. Until the Thirty Years’ War, Heidelberg Palace boasted one of the most notable ensembles of buildings in the Holy Roman Empire. The present structures had been expanded by 1650, before damage by later wars and fires. In 1764, another lightning-bolt caused a fire which destroyed some rebuilt sections.
The 19th century brought a new wave of admiration: a sight both terrible and beautiful, the ruins epitomised the spirit of the Romantic movement. Heidelberg Palace was elevated to a national monument. The imposing edifice and its famous garden, the Hortus Palatinus, became shrouded in myth. The garden, the last work commissioned by the prince electors, was never completed. Some remaining landscaped terraces and other vestiges hint at the awe-inspiring scale of this ambitious project. In the 17th century, it was celebrated as the “eighth wonder of the world”. While time has taken its toll, Heidelberg Palace’s fame lives on to this day.
Heidelberg Castle is located 80 metres up the northern part of the Königstuhl hillside, and thereby dominates the view of the old downtown. Set against the deep green forests on the north flank of Königstuhl hill, the red sandstone ruins tower majestically over the Neckar valley.