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Founded: 1902-1964Category: Cemeteries, mausoleums and burial places in Finland
Historical period: Russian Grand Duchy (Finland)
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The cemetery was built for the near Pitkäniemi mental hospital. Total of 426 patients were buried to the cemetery between 1902-1964 before it was abandoded. Because the human dignity of mental patients was not very high 100 years ago, only small tombstones or no tombstone att all were added to graves. The chapel was burned down more than half century ago.
There are also some remains of old trenches near the cemetery. Those were built by the Russian army during the First World War to defence Finland against the potential occupation of Germany.
The Externsteine (Extern stones) is a distinctive sandstone rock formation located in the Teutoburg Forest, near the town of Horn-Bad Meinberg. The formation is a tor consisting of several tall, narrow columns of rock which rise abruptly from the surrounding wooded hills. Archaeological excavations have yielded some Upper Paleolithic stone tools dating to about 10,700 BC from 9,600 BC.
In a popular tradition going back to an idea proposed to Hermann Hamelmann in 1564, the Externsteine are identified as a sacred site of the pagan Saxons, and the location of the Irminsul (sacral pillar-like object in German paganism) idol reportedly destroyed by Charlemagne; there is however no archaeological evidence that would confirm the site's use during the relevant period.
The stones were used as the site of a hermitage in the Middle Ages, and by at least the high medieval period were the site of a Christian chapel. The Externsteine relief is a medieval depiction of the Descent from the Cross. It remains controversial whether the site was already used for Christian worship in the 8th to early 10th centuries.
The Externsteine gained prominence when Völkisch and nationalistic scholars took an interest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This interest peaked under the Nazi regime, when the Externsteine became a focus of nazi propaganda. Today, they remain a popular tourist destination and also continue to attract Neo-Pagans and Neo-Nazis.