Kunda, Estonia
1770s
Tartumaa, Estonia
ca. 1340
Harjumaa, Estonia
1760 & 1859
Põltsamaa, Estonia
19th century
Paldiski, Estonia
1716
Ruhnu, Estonia
1875
Võrumaa, Estonia
14th century
Tartu, Estonia
early 1200s
Otepää, Estonia
13th century
Käina, Estonia
1492-1515
Keila, Estonia
1433
Saaremaa, Estonia
14th century
Viljandimaa, Estonia
14th century
Ida-Virumaa, Estonia
1349
Võru, Estonia
1322
Hanila, Estonia
1430
Tahkuranna , Estonia
1890-1891
Läänemaa, Estonia
1776
Paldiski, Estonia
1965-1968
Saaremaa, Estonia
1940-1991
The Château du Haut-Koenigsbourg is situated in a strategic area on a rocky spur overlooking the Upper Rhine Plain, it was used by successive powers from the Middle Ages until the Thirty Years' War when it was abandoned. From 1900 to 1908 it was rebuilt at the behest of the German kaiser Wilhelm II. Today it is a major tourist site, attracting more than 500,000 visitors a year.
The first records of a castle built by the Hohenstaufens date back to 1147. The fortress changed its name to Koenigsburg (royal castle) around 1157. The castle was handed over to the Tiersteins by the Habsburgs following its destruction in 1462. They rebuilt and enlarged it, installing a defensive system designed to withstand artillery fire.
The fortification work accomplished over the 15th century did not suffice to keep the Swedish artillery at bay during the Thirty Years War, and the defences were overrun.