Bolnisi, Georgia
1212-1222
Urbnisi, Georgia
6th century AD
Martvili, Georgia
10th century
Gurjaani, Georgia
8th century AD
Mtskheta, Georgia
540s AD
Lykhny, Georgia
10th century
Samtavisi, Georgia
11th century
Ertatsminda, Georgia
13th century
Akhalkalaki, Georgia
964 AD
Adigeni, Georgia
14th century
Tetritsqaro, Georgia
12th century
Kavtiskhevi, Georgia
12th century
Akhalgori, Georgia
14th century
Tandzia, Georgia
13th century
Shemokmedi, Georgia
15th century
Adjara, Georgia
c. 1250
Drandra, Georgia
6th century AD
Ochamchire, Georgia
999 AD
Ochamchire, Georgia
10th century
Tsalenjikha, Georgia
12th century
Goryōkaku (五稜郭) (literally, 'five-point fort') is a star fort in the Japanese city of Hakodate on the island of Hokkaido. The fortress was completed in 1866. It was the main fortress of the short-lived Republic of Ezo.
Goryōkaku was designed in 1855 by Takeda Ayasaburō and Jules Brunet. Their plans was based on the work of the French architect Vauban. The fortress was completed in 1866, two years before the collapse of the Tokugawa Shogunate. It is shaped like a five-pointed star. This allowed for greater numbers of gun emplacements on its walls than a traditional Japanese fortress, and reduced the number of blind spots where a cannon could not fire.
The fort was built by the Tokugawa shogunate to protect the Tsugaru Strait against a possible invasion by the Meiji government.
Goryōkaku is famous as the site of the last battle of the Boshin War.