Zelem Castle was a knight's moated fortress located in the lowland areas left of the Rhine River between the villages Mehr and Niel. Zelem was mentioned for the first time in the 12th century as a property of Echternach Abbey. In the first half of the 14th century, Zelem belonged to the Counts of Kranenburg but was sold in 1348 to the lords of Groesbeek. In the 15th century, the Palant-Wylich family became the owners of the estate, in whose hands it remained for centuries. The castle remains privately owned and can therefore only be viewed from the outside.
The castle's basic fabric comes mainly from the first half of the 15th century. In the middle of the 16th century it was rebuilt in Renaissance style. The former three-storey building includes two corner towers formerly equipped with canopies, one of which was decorated with a frieze with sandstone ornaments, mythical creatures, human heads, and a stair tower. The Renaissance portal is adorned with the emblem of the Palant family and the date 1464.
Inside the house is a barrel-vaulted basement, a tower room with a star vault, and a fireplace from the Renaissance. By 1800, the basic structure had been significantly reduced, and the fortification, except for the main wing, was dismantled.
References:Manarola is a small town, a frazione of the comune of Riomaggiore. It is the second-smallest of the famous Cinque Terre towns frequented by tourists, with a population of 353.
Manarola may be the oldest of the towns in the Cinque Terre, with the cornerstone of the church, San Lorenzo, dating from 1338. The local dialect is Manarolese, which is marginally different from the dialects in the nearby area. The name 'Manarola' is probably a dialectical evolution of the Latin, 'magna rota'. In the Manarolese dialect this was changed to 'magna roea' which means 'large wheel', in reference to the mill wheel in the town.
Manarola's primary industries have traditionally been fishing and wine-making. The local wine, called Sciacchetrà, is especially renowned; references from Roman writings mention the high quality of the wine produced in the region.