Wolfstein Castle, Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, Germany

The exact history of the Wolfenstein Castle is unclear. The archaeological excavations have dated the construction to the mid-12th century. The first written document dates from 1283 when Gottfried von Sulzbürg changed his name Wolfenstein and started the nobility. Hans von Wolfenstein died childless in 1462 and the castle was moved to the possession of Bohemian (Czech) king. Wolfstein lost its importance in the 16th century after been damaged in War of the Succession of Landshut in 1504. The castle was abandoned and fell into disrepair.

Today, the ruins of Wolfenstein are in good condition. It went through extensive excavations and renovations in the 1990s.

References:

Wikipedia

User Reviews

Justin Xuereb (7 months ago)
Nice place to visit on a Sunday hike. Although it’s marked closed on Google, it’s still available to enter and see the castle.

Kerry Ficht (10 months ago)
Amazing view, cool ruins. We had our wedding photos taken here. They came out really wonderful.

Anna (11 months ago)
Really nice place, from the top of the mountain, you can see city from the top. And on sundays you can climb to the top of the castle! ?

thorsten lamm (12 months ago)
Quite a surprisingly interesting historical adventure, with lots of awesome structures still in pretty good shape considering it's age. A must see trip

Tonči Anzulović (16 months ago)
Nice view to the city, fresh air and beautiful walls of history. And also many walking paths. Nice place to go with friends or/and family.

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Broch of Gurness

The Broch of Gurness is an Iron Age broch village. Settlement here began sometime between 500 and 200 BC. At the centre of the settlement is a stone tower or broch, which once probably reached a height of around 10 metres. Its interior is divided into sections by upright slabs. The tower features two skins of drystone walls, with stone-floored galleries in between. These are accessed by steps. Stone ledges suggest that there was once an upper storey with a timber floor. The roof would have been thatched, surrounded by a wall walk linked by stairs to the ground floor. The broch features two hearths and a subterranean stone cistern with steps leading down into it. It is thought to have some religious significance, relating to an Iron Age cult of the underground.

The remains of the central tower are up to 3.6 metres high, and the stone walls are up to 4.1 metres thick. The tower was likely inhabited by the principal family or clan of the area but also served as a last resort for the village in case of an attack.

The broch continued to be inhabited while it began to collapse and the original structures were altered. The cistern was filled in and the interior was repartitioned. The ruin visible today reflects this secondary phase of the broch's use.

The site is surrounded by three ditches cut out of the rock with stone ramparts, encircling an area of around 45 metres diameter. The remains of numerous small stone dwellings with small yards and sheds can be found between the inner ditch and the tower. These were built after the tower, but were a part of the settlement's initial conception. A 'main street' connects the outer entrance to the broch. The settlement is the best-preserved of all broch villages.

Pieces of a Roman amphora dating to before 60 AD were found here, lending weight to the record that a 'King of Orkney' submitted to Emperor Claudius at Colchester in 43 AD.

At some point after 100 AD the broch was abandoned and the ditches filled in. It is thought that settlement at the broch continued into the 5th century AD, the period known as Pictish times. By that time the broch was not used anymore and some of its stones were reused to build smaller dwellings on top of the earlier buildings. Until about the 8th century, the site was just a single farmstead.

In the 9th century, a Norse woman was buried at the site in a stone-lined grave with two bronze brooches and a sickle and knife made from iron. Other finds suggest that Norse men were buried here too.

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