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Founded: c. 1300Category: Religious sites in Germany
Historical period: Habsburg Dynasty (Germany)
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St. Jakob (St James the Greater) church was founded in 1209 by Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor. The small Romanesque chapel was demolished about 80 years later and the church rebuilt. The church soon came into the possession of the Knights of St John. By Frederick II, the order was equipped with more and more possessions. The church still contains the reredos on the high altar which dates from 1360-1370.
During the Reformation, the Church of St. James was one of the Protestant Churches. In 1531 a preacher was intended, but the church remained in possession of the Catholic Teutonic Order.
In 1632 during the Thirty Years' War King Gustav Adolf expropriated the Teutonic Order, and handed the church to the city of Nuremberg and which carried out an extensive renovation. By the provisions of the Treaty of Westphalia returned to the Teutonic Order in 1648. The Order kept its hold until 1809, when Napoleon Bonaparte ordered its dissolution. In 1810 St. Jakob became the third Protestant parish church of Nuremberg.
References:The eight towns in south-eastern Sicily, including Ragusa, were all rebuilt after 1693 on or beside towns existing at the time of the earthquake which took place in that year. They represent a considerable collective undertaking, successfully carried out at a high level of architectural and artistic achievement. Keeping within the late Baroque style of the day, they also depict distinctive innovations in town planning and urban building. Together with seven other cities in the Val di Noto, it is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In 1693 Ragusa was devastated by a huge earthquake, which killed some 5,000 inhabitants. Following this catastrophe the city was largely rebuilt, and many Baroque buildings from this time remain in the city. Most of the population moved to a new settlement in the former district of Patro, calling this new municipality 'Ragusa Superiore' (Upper Ragusa) and the ancient city 'Ragusa Inferiore' (Lower Ragusa). The two cities remained separated until 1926, when they were fused together to become a provincial capital in 1927.