Buitenpost, Netherlands
c. 1200
Zutphen, Netherlands
11th century
Kerkrade, Netherlands
1104
Oldenzaal, Netherlands
c. 1150
Thorn, Netherlands
1150
Appingedam, Netherlands
1225
Deventer, Netherlands
1335-1338
Bolsward, Netherlands
1446-1461
Den Burg, Netherlands
c. 1400
Doesburg, Netherlands
15th century
Woerden, Netherlands
13th century
Roermond, Netherlands
c. 1220
Hattem, Netherlands
1407-1425
Sittard, Netherlands
1292
Kampen, Netherlands
12th century
Loppersum, Netherlands
1217
Ter Apel, Netherlands
1464
Enkhuizen, Netherlands
1470
Enkhuizen, Netherlands
1423
Dokkum, Netherlands
15th century
The Villa d'Este is a 16th-century villa in Tivoli, near Rome, famous for its terraced hillside Italian Renaissance garden and especially for its profusion of fountains: the extraordinary system contains fifty-one fountains and nymphaeums, 398 spouts, 364 water jets, 64 waterfalls, and 220 basins, fed by 875 meters of canals, channels and cascades, and all working entirely by the force of gravity, without pumps. It is now an Italian state museum, and is listed as a UNESCO world heritage site.
Tivoli had been a popular summer residence since ancient Roman times due to its altitude, cooler temperatures and its proximity to the Villa Hadriana, the summer residence of the Emperor Hadrian I.
The Villa was commissioned by Cardinal Ippolito II d'Este (1509-1572), second son of Alfonso I d'Este, the Duke of Ferrara and grandson of Pope Alexander VI, along with Lucrezia Borgia.