Tampere, Finland
1880-1970s
Hämeenlinna, Finland
1850-1913
Joensuu, Finland
1998
Savonlinna, Finland
1852
Inari, Finland
1960
Kuopio, Finland
Jyväskylä, Finland
Kangasala, Finland
1986
Kuopio, Finland
1907
Oulu, Finland
1896
Kotka, Finland
2008
Kokkola, Finland
1696
Vaasa, Finland
Rauma, Finland
2004
Joensuu, Finland
Helsinki, Finland
ca. 1790
Valkeakoski, Finland
1902
Oulu, Finland
1922
Lappeenranta, Finland
Lieksa, Finland
1963
The Château du Haut-Koenigsbourg is situated in a strategic area on a rocky spur overlooking the Upper Rhine Plain, it was used by successive powers from the Middle Ages until the Thirty Years' War when it was abandoned. From 1900 to 1908 it was rebuilt at the behest of the German kaiser Wilhelm II. Today it is a major tourist site, attracting more than 500,000 visitors a year.
The first records of a castle built by the Hohenstaufens date back to 1147. The fortress changed its name to Koenigsburg (royal castle) around 1157. The castle was handed over to the Tiersteins by the Habsburgs following its destruction in 1462. They rebuilt and enlarged it, installing a defensive system designed to withstand artillery fire.
The fortification work accomplished over the 15th century did not suffice to keep the Swedish artillery at bay during the Thirty Years War, and the defences were overrun.